Loudspeaker Failures and Protections (Part 1)

A new generation of effective and powerful speaker protection technology, using literally all the capabilities and power of pro sound rackmount loudspeaker management processors, is now being designed into mobile audio products that use very small loudspeakers. The implications are that mobile consumer electronics are going to play louder and sound better than ever. But to optimize speakers this way, we need to understand what causes loudspeakers to fail. This article was published originally in audioXpress, August 2013.

"There is nothing quite like a quality tube amplifier," states the author in the introduction to this directly heated triode amplifier project. The idea for the amplifier started from the author's discovery of the Loftin-White circuit. The author chose the 2A3 directly heated triode power tube to implement the Loftin-White circuit. The 2A3 vacuum tube is a power triode capable of outputting 3.5 W in a single-ended Class A configuration. This article was originally published in audioXpress, August 2013.