Unveiling the Impact of Ear Canal Geometry for In-Ear Headphone Testing

Frequency response is not the only important factor in testing in-ear headphones, and instead, the listening experience is largely influenced by how the pressure field is built up in the semi- or fully closed ear simulator, making leak and insertion position overshadowing parameters. This article shares the simulation work to assess the pressure field and its impact on different ear canal geometries, with surprising conclusions, fundamental to ensure consistency and repeatability when characterizing in-ear devices.